Psa 110:1 put your enemies before your feet
Psa 139:8 if I did my e in Sheol, behold, there
Isa 66:1 is my throne, and the ground is from my feet
Mat 5:35 nor by the earth.. is the e of his feet
Matt 22:44; Tue 12:36; Luke 20:43; Act 2:35; Heb 1:13 your enemies by your feet
Act 7:49 is my throne, and the earth is the e of my feet
Heb 10:13 enemies be put by e of his feet
Jam 2:3 you say to the poor man .. sit here under me and
Footstool (Heb. kiyyôr kebesh and hadôm raglayim; Gr. hupopódion ton podon ). Low box-shaped support for supporting the feet of a person sitting on a high chair, especially used in connection with thrones. In the Bible the term is used, in general, in poetic passages where, in symbolic form, the earth or Jerusalem is mentioned as God’s footstool (ls. 66:1; Lam 2:1; Act 7:49; etc. .). In various texts (Psa 110:1; Luk 20:43; Heb 1:13; etc.) it is said that the enemies of God will be his footstool. This metaphorical expression was well understood in the ancient world, as illustrations of bound enemies, painted or carved, have been found on the dais of kings, for example, that of Tutankhamun (fig 521). In 2Ch 6:13 kiyyôr is used for the bronze dais that Solomon ordered to be placed in the temple, on which it was placed for the inauguration ceremony of the temple.
Source: Evangelical Bible Dictionary
A word that the Scriptures use both in a lit. (2Ch 9:18) as figurative: from the earth (Isa 66:1; Mat 5:35); of the temple (Lam 2:1); of the ark (Psa 99:5); and of the subjection, especially of the pagan enemies by the messianic king (Psa 110:1; Luk 20:43; Act 2:35).
Source: Hispanic World Bible Dictionary
Term used in two senses in the Bible. First, platform on which the throne of a king is placed, or to elevate a dignitary. “Solomon had made an e. bronze† (2Ch 6:13). Second, footstool. Place where the king places his feet. Solomon had †œan e. of gold fixed to the throne† (2Ch 9:18). This last use is the most repeated. As in Ps 99:5 : †œProstrate yourselves before the e. of the feet of him †. God says: “Heaven is my throne, and the earth e. of my feet† (Isa 66:1; Mat 5:35). And he asks the Messiah to wait for the time when he will put his enemies by † œe. of his feet † (Ps 110:1; Mat 22:44; Heb 10:13).
Source: Christian Bible Dictionary
type, UTEN TYPE
vet, Platform on which rested the feet of a character seated, for example, on a throne (cp. Solomon’s throne, 2 Chr. 9:18). Symbolically, the ark of the covenant is seen as Jehovah’s footstool, “sitting upon the cherubim” (1 Chron. 28:2; Ps. 99:1, 5; 132:7-8); the earth is also the footstool of Him who has heaven as his throne (Is. 66: 1; Mt. 5: 34-35). The enemies of Christ will one day come to be His footstool (Ps. 110:1; Acts 2:35; 1 Cor. 15:25). This sign of victory recalls that of the ancient conquerors who put their foot on the neck of their vanquished adversaries (Josh. 10:24; Ps. 66:12; Is. 51:23).
Source: New Illustrated Bible Dictionary
jupopodion (uJpopovdion, 5286), (from jupo, low, and pous, foot). It is used: (a) literally in Jam 2:3, (b) metaphorically, of the earth as God’s footstool (Mat 5:35); of the enemies of the Lord (Mat 22:44, in TR; Mc 12.36, in TR; Luk 20:43; Act 2:35; 7.49; Heb 1:13; 10.13).¶
Source: Vine New Testament Dictionary
The word is used literally twice: (1) to denote Solomon’s throne accessory (2 Chron. 9:18). It was made of gold, emblem of the magnificence of his empire. (2) By mentioning a piece of furniture in a Christian synagogue, which expressed condescension towards a poor visitor (Jas. 2:3).
Several figurative uses stand out: (1) The earth (Isa. 66:1; Mt. 5:35). The lesson is the majesty of God, with a suggestion of his omnipresence. (2) The Jerusalem sanctuary, center of worship for Israel (Isa. 60:13; Ps. 99:5). (3) The mercy seat, where God manifested his holy presence (1 Chron. 28:2). (4) The enemies of the Messiah (Ps. 110:1, quoted several times in the NT).
Everett F. Harrison
Harrison, EF, Bromiley, GW, & Henry, CFH (2006). Dictionary of Theology (235). Grand Rapids, MI: Challenge Books.
Source: Dictionary of Theology
This word is sometimes used literally and more commonly figuratively. In 2 Chr. 9:18 the meaning is literal, and there the word keḇeš; in other cases it is haḏôm raḡlayim, ‘foot bench’. The NT equivalent (hypopodion tōn podōn‘footstool’) occurs eight times, and here only once is it used literally (in which case the term is simply hypopodion, Stg. 23); apart from this reference they are all quotes from the OT. In its metaphorical sense it refers to God, and is applied to the ark of the covenant (1 Cr. 28.2), the temple (which contains the ark) (Sal. 99.5; 132.7; Lm. 2.1); the earth (Is. 66.1; Mt. 5.35; Acts 7.49); and the enemies of the King Messiah (Ps. 110.1, of which we see six references in the NT). The “dais” of Tutanchamun of Egypt is carved with figures of his enemies, and other egp kings. they appear resting their feet on the heads of their enemies.
MAM
Douglas, J. (2000). New Biblical Dictionary: First Edition. Miami: United Bible Societies.
Source: New Bible Dictionary