BENIGN, BENIGNITY – Encyclopedic Dictionary of Bible and Theology

A. ADJECTIVES 1. crestos (crhstov”, 5543), said of things, of what is pleasant. Said of people, kind, benign. It is translated as “benign” in Luk 6:35; in Eph 4:32 “the kindness of the Lord” (KJV: “that the Lord is kind”); in Rom 2:4 “(his of him) kindness of him”. See GOOD, BETTER. 2. eupeithes (eujpeiqhv”, 2138), willing to obey (eu, well; peithomai, obey, be persuaded), docile. Translated “benign” (VM: “prone to please”) in Jam 3:17:¶ B. Name crestotes (crhstovth”, 5544), related to A, No. 1. Denotes benignity or kindness: (a) in the sense of what is right, just (Rom 3:12), translated “what is good”; (b) in the sense of a kind disposition of heart, or kindness in deed, said of God (Rom 2:4 “kindness”; 11.22, three times; Eph 2:7; Tit 3:4 “goodness”) ; said of believers and translated “benignity” (Gl 5.22; Col 3:12); also of believers, and translated “goodness” (2Co 6:6). It means, “not merely goodness as a quality, but goodness in action, a kindness that is expressed in concrete performances; but not kindness expressing itself in an angry manner against sin, for it is contrasted in Rom 11:22 with severity, but in grace, tenderness, and compassion” (from Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, p. 292). See KINDNESS, GOOD.¶ Note: The adjective crestos is translated in Rom 2:4 as a noun: “kindness.” See A, No. 1. C. Verb cresteuomai (crhsteuvomai, 5541), related to A, No. 1, to be benign. It is said of love (1Co 13:4).¶

Source: Vine New Testament Dictionary

The adjective “benign” translates the Greek chrēstos, which is used of God (Lk. 6:35; 1 Pet. 2:3) and men (Eph. 4:32) in the sense of loving, friendly, generous. The expression to chrēston is used of God (Rom. 2:4) and the abstract noun “kindness” (chrēstotēs) in the sense of kindness or generosity also refers to him (eg, Eph. 2:7 “kindness” in RV60). It is also used of man (eg, 2 Cor. 6:6; Gal. 5:22 “goodness” in KJV). The verb to be kind, loving and merciful (chrēsteuomai) occurs in 1 Cor. 13:4. Outside the NT the word occurs in the LXX and in patristic and secular writers. The word Christ was often written Chrēstos (itacism), “the Friendly”.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Arndt; LC.

  1. Theodore Muller

RV60 Reina-Valera, Revision 1960

LXX Septuagint

LC Lutheran Cyclopædia

Harrison, EF, Bromiley, GW, & Henry, CFH (2006). Dictionary of Theology (85). Grand Rapids, MI: Challenge Books.

Source: Dictionary of Theology

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